Place the ruler on the marker at the center point, like a seesaw, and then press a tennis ball firmly to the tape. Tear off a piece of masking tape, loop it, and attach it to the end of the ruler. Some examples of simple machines that are used in robot construction are wheels and axles for mobility, allowing robots to move from place to place, and robot arms, which are levers, enable them to manipulate objects.Įxplain that students are going to try simple experiments with simple machines, and then use those simple machines to solve challenges.Ĭonstruct a lever by taping a marker parallel to the edge of the table. Robots are complex machines that contain many simple machines. A small force applied to the handle of the hammer produces a greater force at the claw end of the hammer, allowing for the removal of stubborn nails.Įxplain that complicated machines, such as robots and cars, are made up of combinations of simple machines and other parts. Tell students that an example of mechanical advantage is using the claw of a hammer to remove a nail. Tell the class simple machines make work easier by increasing mechanical advantage. Introduce the class to the names of various simple machines and show them a picture of each from the Simple Machines photo gallery: levers, the wheel and axle, pulleys, screws, and inclined planes. Explain that people often use simple machines to make work easier. Or, you could use a simple machine to make up the difference in the force you are applying. If you use half as much force to push the book, then you will have to push the book twice as far to do the same amount of work. In this example, this means you still want the book to move from one side of the desk to the other, but you don’t want to push as hard. Imagine that you want the same amount of work to get done using less force.
Ask: Is doing homework work by this definition? (No, homework is not work.) Pushing a book across a desk is work because you are applying a force (a push) on a book for a certain distance (the length of the desk). Ask: Is this work by the scientific definition? (Yes, this is work.) You are applying force for a certain distance. Ask a student to move a book from one desk to another. Work can be defined as force times distance (Work = Force x Distance). Tell the class the definition of work used in science may differ from what most people think of as work. Introduce the concept that simple machines make work easier.
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